Air or liquid reciprocating engine and pump having rotary operating mechanism.



PATENTED MAR. 14, 1905.

W. JOHNSTON. AIR OR LIQUID REGIPR'OGATING ENGINE AND PUMP HAVING ROTARY OPERATING MECHANISM.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 26, 1903.

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UNITED STATES Patented March 14, 1905.

PATENT OEE cE.

GEORGE W. JOHNSTON, OF ST. JOSEPH, MISSOURI.

AIR R LIQUID RECIPROCATING ENGINE AND PUMP HAVING ROTARY OPERATING MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION foiming part of Letters Patent No. 784,569, dated March 14, 1905.

Application file August 26,1903. Serial No. 170,833.

To (0H wit/mt if may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. J onnsroma citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the city of St. Joseph, in the county of Buchanan and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air or Liquid Reciprocating Engines and Pumps Having Rotary Operating Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in reciprocating engines and pumps having a rotary operating mechanism, and has especial reference to improvements in that class of devices that may be used for compressing air or gas, for pumping water or any liquid, and which may be driven, when used as a motor, by air or steam.

My device is adapted to serve either as an engine or pump, and by improvements I have made I aim to greatly simplify the construction, reduce the cost, lessen the friction, obtain increased power, and adapt it to be constructed as a part of the drive-Wheel of a locomotive, street-car, automobile, or other vehicle, or for any purpose for which engines or pumps can be used.

The features that contribute most to the ad vantages 1 seek are the segments forming cams operating the inlet and outlet valves in conjunction with a vacuum dash-pot and the cylinder-head and guides and addititional sets of valves through which power may be increased without additional motive fluid or air. 1 attain these objects through the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a transverse section of the engine or pump, showing the cylinder and projections or axles, the duplicate pistons and their rods, cross-arms and rollers, duplicate dash-pots, and air, gas, or liquid inlet and outlet ducts. Fig. 2 shows a cam-plate, its periphery partly broken away, adapted to serve as a side of a car or other vehicle drive-wheel, parts of the cam-rim and wheel-flange, a camway, the cylinder projections or axle, the piston-valve therein, the piston-valve rod and roller, and segment-s forming cams for oper- Fig. 3 is a ating the inlet and outlet valves.

I cross-section of the wheel, showing the axle, I the cylinder, and the inlet and outlet ducts, the cam-plates and camways, the valve-pistons and their guides and rods, and the rollers and their guides. Fig. 4 is a detail of a dash-pot,

rod and roller, an inlet and outlet valve, and

' Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the cylinder, showing the duplicate pistons with a pistonrod broken away at one end and a cylinderhead and guides at the opposite end to permit increase of power, and the duplicate dash-pots inlet and outlet ducts; and Fig. 6 is an elevation of the cylinder-head broken away from the cylinder and a piston-rod and roller and guides.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A A represent the bearings of the device, B B the projections or axles, and O O the camplates,'each of which is adapted to form a side of the drive-wheel of a car or other vehicle.

D is the drive rim or face of the wheel, and E the wheel-flange.

F is a camway, and H a stationary cylinder. 1 1 are pistons adapted to operate in said cylinder, J J being their rods and K K their cross-arms. L L are the rollers, and M M slots on said cylinder which serve as guides for said rollers.

O O are dash-pots, and P P piston-valves operating in said dash-pots, and Q Q the piston-valve rods, with a roller Q' attached at the upper end of each.

R R are guides rigidly attached to cylinder H to retain the piston-rods in position as they operate.

S S are short segments form ing cams adapted 'to operate valves P P, controlling inlet and outlet ducts T T in conjuction with the vacuum dash-pots.

VV are cylinder-heads, and V V are guides therein to enable an engine to take steam or air at both ends of the pistons. By using additional sets of valves and cylinder-covers and the necessaryadditional motive fluid or air the action of the engine is quadrupled.

the piston-valve therein, and the piston-valve,

segments forming cams, and the relief-valve.

at the opposite sides of the cylinder and their WV is an automatic valve for releasing air that by any possibility may be drawn into the vacuum dash-pots.

It will be readily understood that with proper adjustment of the segments of circles that operate the inlet and outlet valves an engine may be reversed and run in an opposite direction. An engine may be used for sta' tionary purposesby providing a supportingframe that will allow the drive-rim and camplates to revolve.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that my device when provided with suitable cylinder-heads and attachments may also be used as a gas or gasolene engine.

To operate the device, an ordinary throttlevalve being opened the motor fluid or air is admitted into stationary cylinder H through one end of axle B and the piston-valve P, in vacuum dash-pot 0 against pistons I I, which are thereby driven to the extreme of their stroke, as shown in Figs. 1 and 55, causing the cam-plate and drive-rim to make a partial turn both at the forward and backward strokes of the pistons. The opposite valve is then automatically opened by means of a segment of circle S, and the fluid or air having passed out the valve is instantly closed by means of a vacuum in dash-pot W. If taking fluid or air at one end only of the pistons, as shown in Fig. 1, the first-mentioned valve P will open as the last-mentioned closes; but if taking fluid or air at both ends of the pistons the corresponding valve operates in the corresponding dash-pot O on the same side of the cylinder as the first-mentioned valve, as shown in Fig. 5, and when it opens (the first-mentioned valve remaining closed).it admits fluid or air to the opposite side of the pistons through ducts T T. (Shown by dotted lines in said Fig. As the pistons are driven to the center of the .cylinder the corresponding exhaust-valve P on the opposite side of cylinder H is opened, allowing the motive fluid or air to exhaust. This operation is repeated, and the engine remains in motion until the throttle is closed.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a reciprocating power engine and pump having a rotary operating mechanism the combination with a supporting-frame, the axles, the duplicate cam-plates adapted to form a casing for a drive-wheel and the connectingrim, a stationary cylinder between said camplates provided with duplicate slots or guides setlongitudinally in the cylinder opposite each other at each end, the duplicate pistons, their rods and duplicate cross-arms adapted to operate in said slots, the rollers on said cross-arms and the duplicate camways in which said rollers are adapted to travel so that when used as a pump the rotating motion of the camplates will cause reciprocating motion of the pistons and when used as an engine the reciprocating motion of the pistons will cause rotating motion of the cam-plates and their driverim, the duplicate dash-pots upon opposite sides of the cylinder in the inner ends of said axles, the inlet and outlet ducts having connection with said dash-pots and the cylinder, the piston-valves in the dash-pots, the piston valve rods and the rollers thereon, the automatic valves for releasing air or fluid from the vacuum dash-pots and the segments forming cams to operate the inlet and outlet valves in conjunction with the vacuum dash-pots, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination with a reciprocating power-engine and pump having a rotary operating mechanism with a supporting-axle, duplicate cam-plates and their connection, a stationary cylinder,duplicate pistons,cross-arms, slots and rollers and camways for said rollers, of the dash-pots at opposite sides of cylinder, the piston-valves operating in-said dash-pots,

the piston-valve rods and connected rollers,- the automatic relief-valves, the inlet and outlet ducts passing through the axle projections and the segments forming cams adapted to operate said piston-valves in conjunction with the vacuum dash-pots, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination in a power-pump and engine with the necessary support, cam-plates and drive-rim, camways and stationary cylinder, of the duplicate cylinder-heads and the guides, the pistons and their rods, the crossarms adapted to operate in said guides and the rollers adapted to operate in said camways, the inlet and outlet ducts and the dash-pots with which connected, the piston-valves in said dash-pots and the rods, rollers and guides therefor, the segments forming cams that operate said piston-valves in conjuction with the vacuum dash-pots and the automatic valve for releasing air or fluid that may be drawn into the vacuum dash-pots, substantially as shown and set forth.

Signed by me at St. Joseph, Missouri, this 21st day of August, 1903.

GEORGE W. JOHNSTON.

Witnesses:

WM. B. SNYDER, AL. MUcHMoRE. 

